Equity links are value passing links:
In other words, equity links are links that pass value from one page (Page A) to the other (Page B).
You can use different kind of techniques to prevent a link from passing value, or link juice to another page:
Equity links can be internal and external links.
The difference between external and internal links:
The value of a link, and the potential impact it can have on search engine rankings, is not only determined by the fact it is an equity link or not.
Metrics to determine the value of a link:
You can use these tools to identify high value links: